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Amino Acid

Profiles

Amino Acid

  • Turn-around time = 5 to 7 days
  • Specimen is 1.5 mL of EDTA plasma

Amino acids (AA) are the building blocks of all proteins and are characterized by the presence of at least one amino group (NH2) and carboxyl , or acid group (COOH). Many amino acids are produced by the body, others called essential amino acids, cannot be synthesized by the body in adequate amounts and must be obtained from the diet. The essential amino acids are isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. Semi-essential AA (some are made by the body but not enough to meet the body’s needs) are arginine, histidine, cysteine and taurine. Some disorders associated with AA imbalances include alcoholism, ataxia, behavioral disorders, cardiovascular disease, depression, insomnia, hypertension, eye problems, poor wound healing, digestive problems, etc.

Amino acids may be ordered as a profile of Essential AA, or as Fractionated AA. The essential AA profile contains arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. The fractionated AA profile includes the essential AA plus alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, a-amino-N-butyric acid, citrulline, cystine, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, hydroxyproline, ornithine, proline, serine, tyrosine, and taurine.

The methodology is by HPLC.

The accepted normal ranges for some important amino acids are:

LowHighUnit
Glutamine4884umol/dL
Taurine3.29.6umol/dL
Histidine2.410.0umol/dL
Isoleucine4.010.0umol/dL
Leucine9.519.5umol/dL
Lysine1125umol/dL
Methionine1.74.5umol/dL
Phenylalanine3.58.4umol/dL
Threonine5.514.1umol/dL
Tryptophan0.72.0umol/dL
Valine18.034.0umol/dL
Arginine4.09.0umol/dL

Selected References:

  1. Alverdy, J.C. Effects of glutamine-supplemented diets on immunology of the gut. J Parent Ent Nutr, 1990,14(4):1095-1135
  2. Meyer, NA, Muller, MJ, Herndon DN Nutrition support of the healing wound. New Horz, 1994,2(2):202-214

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